Goal setting in occupational therapy: a narrative study exploring theory and practice in psychiatry

Abstract

Client-centeredness is a core value of occupational therapy and is thought to be critical when setting goals for intervention. This study was designed to explore goal setting processes from multiple perspectives; more specifically aiming to understand how goal-setting processes unfold in real time during occupational therapy practice. A narrative approach was used in which a client-therapist dyad in open psychiatry was observed over time, including at least one time when they were setting goals together. Both client and therapist were interviewed following observations. The collected data was analyzed using narrative analysis (Polkinghorne, 1995). Occupational therapy theory was used to elaborate and interpret the findings. The findings illustrate several barriers to client-centered practice and the establishing of measurable goals. Emphasizing priorities, increasing understanding of the client, and increasing awareness of client volition are suggested as areas for consideration.